Bt cotton refers to genetically modified cotton that has been engineered to produce a toxin from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) that is harmful to certain insect pests, particularly the cotton bollworm. This technology has been adopted widely by cotton farmers around the world as a means of reducing the need for chemical pesticides and increasing crop yields. Research in the area of Bt cotton has focused on developing new varieties with improved insect resistance, increased drought tolerance, and better yield potential. Researchers have also studied the environmental and economic impacts of growing Bt cotton, as well as the effects on non-target organisms and the development of insect resistance to the Bt toxin. Overall, research in the area of Bt cotton has played a significant role in improving the sustainability and profitability of cotton production, while also raising important questions about the potential risks and benefits of genetic modification in agriculture.